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A systemic review of 41 trials including 18,568 patients indicates that antivirals, molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir–ritonavir, are effective treatment options for COVID-19. The drugs were found to reduce the risk of hospitalisation and death in non-severe COVID-19 cases. Evidence suggests that nirmatrelvir–ritonavir is probably more effective than molnupiravir. However, there are several limitations of the study and more trials need to be conducted to ascertain the results of the study.
Currently, molnupiravir is approved by the US FDA for emergency use but its potential carcinogenic properties have been questioned. The World Health Organization is working on developing guidelines for the two antiviral drugs. Previously, remdesivir has been also shown to reduce the risk of hospital admission and ventilation in COVID-19 patients but with low certainty.
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