The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has published its 17th COVID-19 Epidemiological Assessment and projections for the end of year festive period and strategies for response. Whilst the burden from COVID-19 is particularly high in a number of countries experiencing low vaccine uptake, there is evidence of rising burden even among countries with higher uptake. The end-of-year festive season is traditionally associated with activities such as social gatherings, shopping and travelling, which pose significant additional risks for intensified transmission of Delta. Modelling scenarios indicate that the potential burden of disease risk in the EU/EEA from the Delta variant is expected to be very high in December and January, unless NPIs are applied now in combination with continued efforts to increase vaccine uptake in the total population.